BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: PELVIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASE is responsible for 5-20% of gynecologic hospital admission. These infections due to their high prevalence and serious complications are considered as a main problem in gynecologic field. This study was done to survey its risk factors and clinical manifestation. METHODS: This study was performed on 8114 admitted patients in Shahid Yahyanejad hospital during 1995-2000. 145 PELVIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASE were diagnosed. Data was gathered by questionnaires and then surveyed.FINDINGS: Prevalence of PELVIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASE was 1.8%, with high prevalence in 20-29 year old group (37.3%). The most common clinical manifestation was PELVIC and abdominal pain and tenderness. The contraceptive method in patient was tubal ligation (27.6%) and withdrawal (26.9%). There was recent curettage in 13.8% and hysterosalpingogram in 11.4%. CONCLUSION: Prevalence of PELVIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASE in this study was less than other studies which is related to ethical principles and probably low prevalence of gonorrhea and clamydia infection. Diagnosis is clinical and depends to rule out other differential diagnosis and delay in treatment due to serious complications. Therefore, early diagnosis and treatment is necessary.

Introduction: PELVIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASE is one of the most important complications of upper genital tract infections and common cause of infertility and chronic PELVIC pain in women. One of the most common causes of PID is Chlamydia trachomatis. Azithromycin, have important role in treatment of genital Chlamydia infection and use of two doses of this drug is comparable with 14-days of Doxycycline. In this study, we compared the effect of these two drugs.Methods: This clinical trial is carried out on 144 women with mild PID from April 2009 to May 2010 who were referred to Women's clinic of Imam Reza hospital and they are randomly divided into two groups (72 Cases in each group). One group was treated by Doxycycline 100 mg/BID/14 d and other group treated by oral Azithromycin 1g single dose that was repeated a week later. Both groups received single-dose of Ceftriaxone 250 mg/IM. The partners of both groups took Ceftriaxone and Doxycycline. Pain and tenderness were evaluated in the MCPS & VAS system in the first, 7th and 14th day and were collected with personal details (age, parity, method of contraception, history of PID, employment status) in questionnaires. In this survey we used customary methods of descriptive statistic for introduction of research’s data, independent statistical T test and if abnormal, Man Whitney test for quantitative variants and x2 test for qualitative variants to compare two groups and analyze the results. Statistical analyses were done with SPSS version 13.Results: Response to treatment occurred in 66 patients (91.7%) of the Azithromycin group and 64 patients (88.9%) in the Doxycycline group (p>0.05). Discontinuation of treatment was seen in 12 patients (14.3%) in Doxycycline group and no patient (0%) in the Azithromycin group (p<0.05).Conclusion: Azithromycin regimen is better than Doxycycline regimen because of same response and only 2 doses instead of 28 doses.

ACUTE Female PELVIC pain is one the common causes of referral to emergency ward. It has many ethiologies of either Gynaecological or non gynecological causes including normal ovulation, haemorrhagic/ruptured ovarian cyst, Tumour, infarction (leiomyoma), Ovarian torsion, ectopic pregnancy, Tubo-ovarian abscess/PID, Endometriosis, …etc. It also has non-gynaecological causes such as renal stones, appendicitis, diverticulitis, IBD or trauma. It is important to make the precise diagnosis in proper time as some of them are potentially vital and any delay on management may have irreversible sequellas. In this article we discuss the role of US, CT and MRI in evaluation of ACUTE female pelvis, and how to reach an accurate diagnosis based on patients demographics, Clinical scenario and anatomical abnormality. Also we discuss about the added value of MRI in pregnant patients and pearls and pitfalls of imaging of the ACUTE female pelvis.

PELVIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASE (PID) is a rare complication of transvaginal oocyte retrieval. It may result in failure of assisted reproductive techniques (ART). During a 7 years period, 5958 transvaginal ultrasound-guided oocyte retrievals resulted in 10 cases of ACUTE PID. Eight out of 10 patients were diagnosed infertile because of endometriosis. Two patients had mild ovarian, 3 had stage III, and 2 had stage IV endometriosis. One patient had a 3-4 cm ovarian endometrioma. After treatment, no mortality was encountered among the 10 patients, although none of them conceived. This observation supports the previous reports that endometriosis can raise the risk of PID after oocyte retrieval. More vigorous antibiotic prophylaxis and better vaginal preparation are recommended when oocyte pickup is performed in patients with endometriosis.